Guides / Security deposits

How to get your security deposit back

Most states require landlords to return a security deposit, or explain deductions in writing, within a set number of days after you move out. A clear demand letter often resolves it without going to court.

1. Document the unit when you move out

Take dated photos and video of every room, appliances, and floors. Compare them with any move-in checklist or photos. Return all keys and get a receipt if you can.

2. Give a forwarding address in writing

Landlords need to know where to send the deposit or the list of deductions. Give your new address in writing (email or letter) and keep a copy.

3. Know your state’s rules

Deadlines, allowed deductions, and penalties vary by state, often somewhere between about two weeks and two months after move-out. Landlords can usually deduct for unpaid rent and damage beyond normal wear and tear, but not for ordinary wear like light scuffs or worn carpet from normal use. Check your state attorney general or consumer protection office, which you can find through USA.gov, for your exact rules.

4. Send a written demand letter

If the deadline passes or the deductions look wrong, send a letter asking for the full deposit or an itemized list of deductions with receipts. Give a firm deadline, such as 14 days, and send it by a trackable method.

5. Escalate if they do not respond

Many tenants recover deposits in small claims court, which is designed for people without lawyers. Some states let tenants recover extra damages if a landlord wrongly keeps a deposit. A local tenant union or legal aid office can tell you what applies.

What your letter should include

• Your name and new forwarding address
• The rental address and the date you moved out
• The deposit amount
• Why deductions are wrong (or that none were itemized)
• A request for the full deposit or an itemized list with receipts
• A clear response deadline

Keep a copy of everything you send, and note the date you sent it.

Frequently asked questions

What counts as normal wear and tear?

Generally, gradual deterioration from ordinary living, like minor scuffs, faded paint, or lightly worn carpet. Holes, large stains, or broken fixtures are usually treated as damage. State law and your lease control the details.

How long does my landlord have to return my deposit?

It depends on your state. Many set a deadline of roughly 14 to 60 days after move-out. Check your state attorney general or consumer protection office.

Can I use my deposit as my last month’s rent?

Usually not, unless your lease or your landlord agrees in writing. Doing so may break your lease.